Data Structures in Java: A Comprehensive Guide

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Data Structures in Java: A Comprehensive Guide Java, a popular programming language, provides a rich set of built-in data structures and libraries for efficient data management. These data structures are essential for building robust and scalable applications. Primitive Data Types Numbers: byte , short, int, long: Integer Whatsapp Number types. float, double: Floating-point types. Characters: char Booleans: boolean Built-in Reference Types Arrays: Ordered collections of elements of the same type. Strings: Immutable sequences of characters. Classes and Objects: Custom data types defined by programmers.

Interfaces: Contracts that define the behavior of classes. Collections Framework Java's Collections Framework provides a set of interfaces and classes for creating, manipulating, and storing collections of objects. Key interfaces include: List: Ordered collection that allows duplicates. ArrayList: Resizable array- based list. LinkedList: Doubly-linked list. Set: Unordered collection that does not allow duplicates. HashSet: Unordered set based on a hash table. TreeSet: Ordered set based on a red-black tree. Map: Associates keys with values. HashMap : Unordered map based on a hash table. TreeMap: Ordered map based on a red-black tree. Queue: First-in-first -out (FIFO) collection. Queue interface. PriorityQueue: Priority queue based on a heap.





Stack: Last-in-first-out (LIFO) collection. Stack class. Custom Data Structures While Java provides many built- in data structures, you can also create custom data structures to suit specific needs. For example, you could implement a graph data structure using arrays or linked lists. Example: Implementing a Stack Using an Array Java import java.util.Arrays; public class ArrayStack { private int[ ] elements; private int size; public ArrayStack(int capacity) { elements = new int[capacity]; size = 0; } public void push(int element) { if (size == elements.length) { elements= Arrays.copyOf (elements, 2 * elements.length); } elements[size++] = element; } public int pop() { if (isEmpty()) { throw new EmptyStackException(); } return elements[--size]; } // ... other methods } Use code with caution. By understanding the fundamentals of data structures in Java, you can write more efficient, maintainable, and scalable code. Would you like to explore a specific data structure or its applications in more detail?